Questions d'entraînement

Question 1

A company runs a payment-authorization microservice on Amazon ECS with AWS Fargate, and each authorization must finish in under 2 seconds; if any single authorization takes 2 seconds or longer, the development team must be notified—how can a developer implement the timing and notification with the least operational overhead?

Question 2

A logistics company receives telematics events from 8,000 delivery vans at a peak of 1,200 events per second, averaging 1.5 KB per event. Three EC2-based processing applications (anomaly detection, billing, and live dashboards) must consume the same event stream concurrently in near real time with sub-second latency. Each processor must be able to pause during deployments or crashes and then resume from its last checkpoint without data loss. The team plans to add two more processors next month and wants to avoid duplicating the data pipeline for each consumer. Which AWS service should the developer use to ingest and fan out the stream to meet these requirements?

Question 3

A team is launching a single-page application served through Amazon CloudFront with an Amazon S3 origin for production. The SPA calls an Amazon API Gateway REST API that invokes an AWS Lambda function which connects to an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB cluster. Production traffic uses a Lambda alias named prod that points to a specific published function version. Company policy requires rotating the database credentials every 14 days, and all previously published Lambda versions that the alias might reference must always use the latest credentials without republishing code. Which solution meets these requirements?

Question 4

A development team built a serverless photo‑inspection portal where the web UI triggers processing of 600–1,800 MB satellite image bundles using an AWS Step Functions workflow with AWS Lambda, and the UI is backed by a REST API on Amazon API Gateway that invokes Lambda; start-processing requests frequently hit timeouts due to API Gateway’s 29‑second limit because jobs take 4–10 minutes, but the UI must receive an immediate response so it can show a “processing started” message, and the backend invoked by the API must send an email when processing completes—how should the developer configure the API to meet these requirements?

Question 5

A serverless job uses an AWS Lambda function triggered by an Amazon EventBridge schedule to call a third-party currency rates API every 15 minutes, and the function must include an x-api-key while ensuring the key is encrypted at rest; which solution should the developer implement?

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Question 6

A fintech startup runs a Node.js microservice on AWS Lambda that calls a third-party payment gateway's REST API using a client_id and client_secret. The credentials are currently stored as plaintext environment variables in the Lambda function, and the security team mandates automatic rotation every 90 days with no code redeployments. The developer must secure the API credentials and enforce quarterly rotation while allowing the function to fetch credentials at runtime using IAM. Which solution provides the most secure approach?

Question 7

A media startup mandates that all Amazon S3 buckets be provisioned exclusively through AWS CloudFormation stacks, and a developer has already created an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic and subscribed security-ops@example.com to it, and the security team now requires an immediate notification (within 60 seconds) whenever a CreateBucket action occurs that was not initiated by CloudFormation, so which approach will satisfy this requirement?

Question 8

A fintech startup runs a serverless API layer in Amazon API Gateway with AWS Lambda proxy integrations for 12 internal microservice APIs, and the team wants to expose a lightweight HTML API Directory page (about 6 KB) that lists links to these APIs and is served directly by API Gateway without invoking any Lambda; a developer has created a new /directory resource and a GET method using a mock integration, the response must return HTTP 200 with Content-Type text/html, what should the developer do next to meet these requirements?

Analyse de la question

Core Concept: This question tests Amazon API Gateway REST API “Mock” integration behavior and how to use mapping templates to return a static response without invoking a backend (Lambda/HTTP). With a mock integration, API Gateway generates the integration response based on a request mapping template, then transforms it into the method response using integration response settings. Why the Answer is Correct: For a mock integration, API Gateway needs a request mapping template that produces a payload containing a status code (commonly {"statusCode": 200}) so that API Gateway can select the correct integration response. Then, the integration response mapping template is where you place the static body you want returned to the client. Because the requirement is to return HTML with HTTP 200 and Content-Type: text/html, you configure the integration response to map to a 200 method response and set the response header Content-Type to text/html, while the body mapping template contains the HTML directory page. Option C matches this pattern: request template sets {"statusCode": 200}, and response template returns the HTML with text/html. Key AWS Features: - Mock integration: API Gateway returns a response without calling any backend. - Mapping templates (Velocity Template Language): - Integration request template: generates a synthetic payload (including statusCode) used for response selection. - Integration response template: defines the response body (the HTML content). - Method/Integration response headers: you must ensure the method response declares Content-Type (or a header like Content-Type) and the integration response maps/overrides it to text/html. Common Misconceptions: A frequent mistake is putting the HTML in the integration request template. The request template is not what the client receives; it’s what API Gateway uses internally to drive the integration response selection. Another misconception is thinking the request template’s “Content-Type” controls the outgoing response; response headers are controlled in method/integration response configuration. Exam Tips: - For REST APIs with Mock integration: request template often returns {"statusCode": 200}. - Static payload belongs in the integration response mapping template. - Always align: Method Response (declares status code/headers) + Integration Response (maps status code/headers/body). If the question emphasizes Content-Type, ensure it’s set on the response path, not the request path.

Question 9

A developer is testing an event-driven order processing system on AWS that uses Amazon EventBridge rules to trigger AWS Step Functions state machines, which invoke multiple AWS Lambda functions. During a 20-minute load test at 1,500 events per minute, intermittent 5xx errors occur, but the developer cannot quickly determine which component is failing. To pinpoint the errors, the developer must be able to search and correlate logs across all components (EventBridge, Step Functions, and Lambda) within the most recent 24 hours with minimal setup and ongoing maintenance. What should the developer do to meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Analyse de la question

Core Concept - The question tests centralized observability and log analytics for serverless/event-driven architectures with the least operational overhead. The key services are Amazon CloudWatch Logs (as the native log sink for Lambda and Step Functions) and CloudWatch Logs Insights (for ad-hoc search, filtering, aggregation, and correlation across multiple log groups within a time window). Why the Answer is Correct - The requirement is to quickly pinpoint intermittent 5xx errors during a load test by searching and correlating logs across EventBridge, Step Functions, and Lambda for the last 24 hours, with minimal setup and maintenance. Enabling Step Functions execution logging to CloudWatch Logs at the ALL level (optionally including execution data) provides detailed state transition and error context. Lambda already writes to CloudWatch Logs by default; using structured JSON logging improves queryability and correlation. CloudWatch Logs Insights can query multiple log groups at once, filter by request/order IDs, error codes, or execution ARNs, and rapidly identify which Lambda invocation or Step Functions state failed. Key AWS Features - Step Functions supports CloudWatch Logs integration with configurable log level (ERROR/ALL) and inclusion of execution data (useful for debugging but consider sensitive data). Lambda logs go to per-function log groups; adding correlation identifiers (e.g., orderId, eventId, executionArn) in JSON enables efficient Logs Insights queries. CloudWatch Logs Insights supports cross-log-group queries, time-bounded searches (e.g., last 24 hours), and aggregations (count of errors by function/state). For EventBridge, while it does not “log” every event by default, you can capture failures via rule metrics and DLQs; in practice, correlating Step Functions start and downstream failures is usually sufficient to isolate the failing component. Common Misconceptions - Teams often jump to OpenSearch or an ELK-style pipeline for “search,” but that adds ingestion, indexing, scaling, and cost management. CloudTrail is also frequently mistaken as an application troubleshooting tool; it records control-plane API activity, not detailed per-event processing failures. Exam Tips - For least-ops log search across Lambda/Step Functions, default to CloudWatch Logs + Logs Insights. Choose managed, native integrations over building pipelines (Firehose/OpenSearch) unless there is a stated long-term analytics/search requirement at scale. Also remember Step Functions execution logging is opt-in and is a common missing piece when debugging distributed workflows.

Question 10

A logistics company exposes a single REST endpoint /shipments as a POST method through Amazon API Gateway that invokes an AWS Lambda function named CreateShipment. The developer has published a new immutable version 5 of the function and must run integration tests at up to 200 requests per minute for 15 minutes. The tests must not affect the production stage, which currently serves about 3,000 requests per minute. With the least operational overhead, how should the developer test the new version before using it in production?

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